Steam-engine.



No. 627,854. Patented June27, I899. W. HUGGINS.

STEAM ENGINE.

(Application filed Feb. 17, 1899.)

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(No Model.)

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No. 627,854. Patented June 27, I899.

' W. HUGGINS.

STEAM ENGINE.

(Application filed Feb. 17, 1899.)

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{Application filed Feb. 17, 1899.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM I'IUGGINS, OF DUNDEE, SCOTLAND.

STEAM-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 627,854, dated June 2?, 1899.

' I Application filed February 17, 1899. Serial No. 705,832. No model-l To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM HUGGINS, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at 20 Forest Park Road, Dundee, in the county of Forfar, Scotland, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Steam-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in steam-engines, the object being to control the supply of steam to the cylinder in a new and improved manner, so that the clearancespace-that is to say, the condensing-surface-may be reduced to a minimum, and also to simplify the mechanism for actuating the valves and the parts relating thereto by making each cover, with its steam-chest,

valves, and appurtenances, self-contained.-

I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a cross-section at A A, Fig. 4, showing the valve-ports and the cams for actuatingthe valves. Fig. 2 is a view looking on the front of the cylinder and showing thev slide'for the cross-head in section. Fig. 3 is a section at B B, Fig. 4, showing the admission and exhaust valves, the admission-valve being closed and the exhaust-valve open. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal part section of the back portion of the cylinder. Fig. 5 is an external side view of the back portion of the cylinder, looking in the direction of the arrow 0, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is an enlarged face view of the cam for actuating the admission-valve. Fig. 7 is an enlarged face view of the cam for actuating the exhaust-valve. Fig. 8 is a part section at D D, Fig. 10, showing a modified form of cylinder and cover. Fig. 9 is a part section showing a section at E D, Fig. 10. Fig. 10 is a part face view of the valve and cylinder end.

the usual manner. The valves may be so designed as to be Wholly, partially, or intermittently balanced, as may be found most suitable. In this modification, as described later, the valves are intermittently and ap proximately balanced when being moved.

The valves are actuated and operated in the following manner: A side shaft 15 is made to rotate by suitable means, such as by a combination of spur and bevel wheels or by means of bevel-wheels alone, such shaft being actuated by the crank-shaft of the engine and made to rotate at the same speed. On the side shaft is a duplex cam 16, of which one groove 17 governs the "admissionyalve 10, while the other groove 18 governs the emission or exhaust valve 11. The admission-valve is actuated by a toothed segment 19 and the emissionvalve by a similar device 20. The admissionsegment 19 is fixed to or forms part of a shaft 21, which is made to partially rotate backward and forward by means of a lever 22 and co upling rods 23 and 24, which in turn are actuated by the cam 1'7 and cam-roller 25. The emission-segment 20 is operated in a similar fashion by means of the shaft 26, lever 27, coupling-rods 28 and 29, cam 18, and camroller 30. The cam for the admissionvalve is so designed that it opens such valve to admit steam into the cylinder at the beginning of the stroke in the usual way and cuts off at any determined portion of the stroke, while the emission-valve maybe open for about half the stroke and closed for the other half. Referring to Fig. 6, which shows the admissioncam, as the cam-roller travels relatively from S to T the valve is opening, from T to U it remains open and without motion, from U to V it is closing, and from V to S it remains closed without motion. The emission-cam, Fig. 7, opens the valve as the cam-roller relatively travels from X to Y. It remains open from Y to Z, closes from Z to W, and remains closed from W to X. It is to be noted that these valves are intermittently balanced that is to say, when the admission-valve is being opened the steam-pressure is about equal on both its sides because of the terminal compression of the exhaust-steam-and it is also balanced when-it is closing to cut off the steam, because at that time the pressure of the steam within the cylinder is about equal to the pressure of the steam in the steampipe. The exhaust-valve may be similarly balanced by regulating the terminal pressure relative to that of the atmosphere or of the receiver, should such be used. 31 are divisions in the cylinder end for separating the admission from the exhaust steam-that is to say, these divisions form separate chambers in which the admission and exhaust valves Work. The steam-pipe from the boiler is in communication with the aperture 32 and the exhaust-steam pipe with the aperture 33.

The modification illustrated by Figs. 8, 9, and 10 is given to show how a simple type of cover may be applied to a cylinder. The valves are designed and operated in a manner similar to. that previously described. I Having now described my invention, What i I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

In combination, the cylinder with its cover, the segmental grid-valves one at the top and one at the bottom portions of the cylinder, the shafts 20 and 21 extending parallel with the axis of the cylinder, the toothed segments on the shafts meshing with teeth on the valves for operating the same, the cam and shaft,

and the connections extending upwardly and downwardly from the cam to the shafts 20 and 21, said connections comprising the links and arms, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two Witnesses.

\VILLIAM HUGGINS. lVitnesses:

GEo. C. DOUGLAS, J. C. SHEPHERD. 

